D

　　Ranch. It was near Los Angeles in California. A few years later Hollywood was one of the famous places in the world. At the beginning of the 20th century there was a big farm called Hollywood. From the 1910’s to the 1950’s, Hollywood was the film center of the world.

　　Every family knew the names of its film stars—Charlie Chaplin, Greta Garbo, Bergman and hundreds more.

　　The reason why people went to Hollywood to make films was the sun. At first, people made films in New York on the east coast of the United States.

　　But then they heard about Los Angeles, where there are 350 days of the sun every year. As they made all the films by sunlight, the west coast was a much better place to work. Also near Hollywood you can find mountains and sea and desert. They did not have to travel far to make any kind of film.

　　When TV became popular, Hollywood started making films for television. Then in the 1970’s they discovered people still went to the cinema to see big expensive films. Nowadays they are still making films in Hollywood and people see them all over the world.

　　51. Hollywood used to be a .

　　A. cinema B. big farm

　　C. park D. market

　　52. In the 1910’s Hollywood became a .

　　A. famous theatre B. good place to have holidays

　　C. film center D. home for stars

　　53. Who was not mentioned(提到) as a film star in the passage .

　　A. Charlie Chaplin B. Marily Monroe

　　C. Bergman D. Greta Garbo

　　54. People went to Hollywood to make films because .

　　A. it was a beautiful place B. they could find many film stars

　　C. there was a lot of sunlight there D. it was a famous place

　　55. Which statement(說法) is true?

　　A. The west coast was a better place to make films.

　　B. There are no mountains near Hollywood.

　　C. People no longer went to the cinema after television became popular.

　　D. Hollywood began to make films for television after the First World War.

　　E

　　Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they’re always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self?promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. “It’s iniquitous,” they say, “that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays...”

　　The poor old consumer! He’d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn’t create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of the ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a wash本.文,來.源,于.貴,大.在,線.www.gzu５21.net ing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.

　　Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway bylaws while waiting for a train? Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of calamities.

　　We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programs is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!

　　Another thing we mustn’t forget is the “small ads” which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine. What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the “hatch, match and dispatch” co?lumn but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or “agony” column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is!

　　56. What is the main idea of this passage?

　　A. Advertisement.

　　B. The benefits of advertisement.

　　C. Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.

　　D. The costs of advertisement.

　　57. The attitude of the author toward advertisers is .

　　A. appreciative

　　B. trustworthy

　　C. critical

　　D. dissatisfactory

　　58. Why do the critics criticize advertisers?

　　A. Because advertisers often brag.

　　B. Because critics think advertisement is a “waste of money”.

　　C. Because customers are encouraged to buy more than necessary.

　　D. Because customers pay more.

　　59. Which of the following is Not True?

　　A. Advertisement makes contribution to our pockets and we may know everything.

　　B. We can buy what we want.

　　C. Products of good quality don’t need to be advertised.

　　D. Advertisement makes our life colorful.

　　60. The passage is .

　　A. Narration

　　B. Description

　　C. Criticism

　　D. Argumentation